Where the evidence comes from
Institutions are identified as sources, not partners or endorsers.
World Bank
World Development Indicators supplies the historical foundation. Compatible UN projections and verified official supplements share the same display layer across all pages. Definitions identify underlying providers, including UN population estimates and national statistical offices.
Integrated sources and coverage
- World Bank · World Development Indicators
- 22 active annual historical indicators. Underlying providers, definitions and country-specific reference years are retained.
- United Nations · WPP 2024
- Ten annual demographic projection series for 2026, sourced 2025 gap values, and the separate World Population clock. Medium variant; these are projections, not observed outcomes.
- United Nations · WUP 2025
- 2026 urban-population projections using national urban definitions.
- Eurostat
- Separate monthly inflation and unemployment series for seven European countries. Monthly periods are never substituted for annual indicators.
- IRENA
- A separate renewable-electricity generation share series for 20 countries, through 2024. Generation is distinct from installed capacity.
- FAO via UNSD SDG database
- 2025 forest area as a proportion of land area for 213 matched profiles. Original country-reporting and estimation flags are preserved; normal status does not certify direct measurement.
- IEA / UNSD energy balances via UNSD SDG database
- Renewable share of total final energy consumption, 2023 and selected 2024 country values. Source estimation flags are retained; this is not renewable electricity alone.
Coverage and freshness
22 WDI-based indicators + 1 separate IRENA series. Projections for 2026 are available in 11 demographic indicators; other reference years vary.
October 2026 · alternative-source review
11 of 22 annual indicators now include separately labelled 2026 projections, covering 216 of 217 profiles. A separate Japanese monthly population estimate is documented in the review downloads; annual country cards use the same UN series as their charts. No full-year 2026 observed value has been verified in this review. These are reviewed snapshots, not live provider feeds.
Historical reference year, release edition and value type are distinct. WDI history can itself include estimates; we do not certify every historical value as OBSERVED. Where historical 2025 values are missing, verified UN WPP 2024 projections fill six demographic indicators. These remain projections even though 2025 has ended. Dashed connections identify estimates and projections; diamonds mark 2026 only. Dotted lines mean the source status is unclassified; missing years remain gaps. Source revisions and methodology changes can affect the apparent trend, especially population growth and mortality. Chart CSV and JSON exports include each row's type and source. The original WDI dataset remains unchanged.
Review each active annual indicator
| Indicator | Latest WDI year anywhere in collection | 2026 coverage | Source / release / limitations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. |
| Population | 2025Country-specific latest years: 2025–2025 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. Population on 1 July; source thousands multiplied by 1,000. This is not the live population clock. |
| Population growth | 2025Country-specific latest years: 2025–2025 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. WPP annual exponential growth over the calendar year; WDI uses successive mid-year population estimates. Do not splice these rates. |
| Fertility rate | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. |
| Crude birth rate | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. |
| Crude death rate | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. |
| Urban population | 2025Country-specific latest years: 2025–2025 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Urbanization Prospects 2025 · national definitions Projected share of population on 1 July 2026, both sexes. Not an observed result. National urban definitions, not Degree of Urbanization city shares; definitions vary between countries. |
| Population aged 65 and over | 2025Country-specific latest years: 2025–2025 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant Projected share of population on 1 July 2026, both sexes. Not an observed result. UN medium variant; age bands match the historical indicator. |
| Population aged 0–14 | 2025Country-specific latest years: 2025–2025 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant Projected share of population on 1 July 2026, both sexes. Not an observed result. UN medium variant; age bands match the historical indicator. |
| Infant mortality | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. Mortality probability per 1,000 live births from WPP; historical WDI uses UN IGME and may differ. |
| Under-five mortality | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2024–2024 | 216/217 · PROJECTION | UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant UN medium-variant projection; not an observed 2026 result. WPP 2024 projects from 2024 onwards. Historical WDI and UN projections may use different revisions. Mortality probability per 1,000 live births from WPP; historical WDI uses UN IGME and may differ. |
| Primary school enrolment (gross) | 2025Country-specific latest years: 1989–2025 | No verified value integrated | UNESCO UIS February 2026 · OPRI and SDG bulk data The seven matching national series were read directly from the OPRI and SDG archives. No 2026 rows were found. School-year dates, gross ratios and literacy age groups must match. SDG completion estimates and 2030 targets cannot replace the gross primary-completion indicator. Budget allocations cannot replace actual education expenditure as a share of GDP. This does not rule out newer national releases. Two direct UIS literacy values for Qatar (2024) are now integrated; other matching latest years were already present in WDI. |
| Secondary school enrolment (gross) | 2025Country-specific latest years: 1986–2025 | No verified value integrated | UNESCO UIS February 2026 · OPRI and SDG bulk data The seven matching national series were read directly from the OPRI and SDG archives. No 2026 rows were found. School-year dates, gross ratios and literacy age groups must match. SDG completion estimates and 2030 targets cannot replace the gross primary-completion indicator. Budget allocations cannot replace actual education expenditure as a share of GDP. This does not rule out newer national releases. Two direct UIS literacy values for Qatar (2024) are now integrated; other matching latest years were already present in WDI. |
| Tertiary education enrolment (gross) | 2025Country-specific latest years: 1986–2025 | No verified value integrated | UNESCO UIS February 2026 · OPRI and SDG bulk data The seven matching national series were read directly from the OPRI and SDG archives. No 2026 rows were found. School-year dates, gross ratios and literacy age groups must match. SDG completion estimates and 2030 targets cannot replace the gross primary-completion indicator. Budget allocations cannot replace actual education expenditure as a share of GDP. This does not rule out newer national releases. Two direct UIS literacy values for Qatar (2024) are now integrated; other matching latest years were already present in WDI. |
| Government expenditure on education | 2025Country-specific latest years: 1989–2025 | No verified value integrated | UNESCO UIS February 2026 · OPRI and SDG bulk data The seven matching national series were read directly from the OPRI and SDG archives. No 2026 rows were found. School-year dates, gross ratios and literacy age groups must match. SDG completion estimates and 2030 targets cannot replace the gross primary-completion indicator. Budget allocations cannot replace actual education expenditure as a share of GDP. This does not rule out newer national releases. Two direct UIS literacy values for Qatar (2024) are now integrated; other matching latest years were already present in WDI. |
| Access to electricity | 2024Country-specific latest years: 1999–2024 | No verified value integrated | Tracking SDG7 2026 The 2026 publication does not establish a 2026 national access observation. The results page describes historical access through 2024 (and contains inconsistent 2025 wording). No exact 2026 country value verified. Universal-access targets and project connections are not population access rates; no extrapolation of 100% coverage. |
| At least basic drinking water services | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2016–2024 | No verified value integrated | WHO/UNICEF JMP household update 2025 · reference years 2000–2024 Reviewed JMP report catalogue including 2026 releases. New school and healthcare-facility reports measure different populations. No 2026 household at-least-basic national value verified; safely managed services and 2030 targets are not substitutes. |
| At least basic sanitation services | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2015–2024 | No verified value integrated | WHO/UNICEF JMP household update 2025 · reference years 2000–2024 Reviewed JMP report catalogue including 2026 releases. School and healthcare-facility sanitation is not household coverage. No matching 2026 national value verified; no interpolation of 2030 targets. |
| Renewable energy consumption | 2022Country-specific latest years: 2021–2022 | No verified value integrated | IEA/UNSD energy balances via UNSD SDG database · reviewed 15 October 2026 285 supplemental country-year values for 2023/2024 integrated. Country coverage differs by year. Direct API queries for 2025 and 2026 returned no rows; electricity-only forecasts cannot replace total final energy consumption. |
| Forest area | 2024Country-specific latest years: 2021–2024 | No verified value integrated | FAO FRA/FAOSTAT via UNSD SDG database · reviewed 15 October 2026 2025 forest-area shares integrated for 213 matched profiles through the official UNSD dissemination API. Country reporting and estimation flags retained; no invented 2026 values. The direct FAO platform was previously inaccessible, but the official UN dissemination route supplies verified numeric rows. |
| Renewable electricity output | 2021Country-specific latest years: 2011–2021 | No verified value integrated | EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook · October 2026 · Table 7d EIA October 2026 forecasts have been verified. A related US electric-power-sector renewable share is shown separately, calculated from Table 7d; its narrower sector coverage prevents substitution for total national electricity output. IEA global inputs require reconciliation with the stated shares. IRENA separately supplies historical generation shares through 2024 for 20 countries. No compatible 2026 all-sector country share has been accepted. |
| Population-weighted exposure to PM2.5 | 2023Country-specific latest years: 2023–2023 | No verified value integrated | WHO Ambient Air Quality Database V8.0 · 30 June 2026 The 2026 release contains city/town measurements, not a verified 2026 national population-weighted annual exposure series. A current AQI or station reading cannot replace this annual indicator. No matching 2026 value verified. |
Archived country–indicator review (CSV; includes retired indicators) · Archived review and limitations (JSON; includes retired indicators)
A verified EIA October 2026 forecast for the US electric power sector is documented in the downloadable review JSON. Its narrower scope excludes it from the all-sector chart and the active-indicator coverage totals.
FAO 2025 forest shares, renewable-consumption values for 2023/2024 have now been integrated as sourced supplements. Exact national energy forecasts remain outside the comparable annual series. National sources beyond the listed checks have not been exhaustively audited. No verified 2026 value here does not mean that none exists elsewhere.
Global geographic coverage
The directory includes 217 World Bank countries and economies, including territories and dependencies. This is not a count of sovereign states. All entries whose World Bank region is classified as an aggregate are excluded. Lack of data for an individual indicator does not remove a profile.
Country names, source codes and ISO mappings come from the World Bank country API. Geographic filters follow UN M49. North America includes Central America and the Caribbean; South America is separate. Channel Islands is a combined World Bank economy; CHI and XKX are source codes rather than assigned ISO3 codes. Kosovo is mapped to Southern Europe. The UN population ranking separately includes Taiwan in Eastern Asia. These mappings do not express a position on sovereignty.
79 statistical aggregates excluded
Africa Eastern and Southern (AFE); Africa (AFR); Africa Western and Central (AFW); Arab World (ARB); East Asia & Pacific (IBRD-only countries) (BEA); Europe & Central Asia (IBRD-only countries) (BEC); IBRD countries classified as high income (BHI); Latin America & the Caribbean (IBRD-only countries) (BLA); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IBRD only) (BMN); Sub-Saharan Africa (IBRD-only countries) (BSS); Sub-Saharan Africa (IFC classification) (CAA); East Asia and the Pacific (IFC classification) (CEA); Central Europe and the Baltics (CEB); Europe and Central Asia (IFC classification) (CEU); Latin America and the Caribbean (IFC classification) (CLA); Middle East and North Africa (IFC classification) (CME); South Asia (IFC classification) (CSA); Caribbean small states (CSS); East Asia & Pacific (IDA-eligible countries) (DEA); Europe & Central Asia (IDA-eligible countries) (DEC); Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA-eligible countries) (DLA); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA total) (DMN); IDA countries in Sub-Saharan Africa not classified as fragile situations (DNS); South Asia (IDA-eligible countries) (DSA); IDA countries in Sub-Saharan Africa classified as fragile situations (DSF); Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA-eligible countries) (DSS); East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) (EAP); Early-demographic dividend (EAR); East Asia & Pacific (EAS); Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) (ECA); Europe & Central Asia (ECS); Euro area (EMU); European Union (EUU); Fragility, Conflict, and Violence (FCV) situations (FCV); IDA countries classified as fragile situations, excluding Sub-Saharan Africa (FXS); High income (HIC); Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) (HPC); IBRD, including blend (IBB); IBRD only (IBD); IDA & IBRD total (IBT); IDA total (IDA); IDA blend (IDB); IDA only (IDX); Not classified (INX); Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) (LAC); Latin America & Caribbean (LCN); Least developed countries: UN classification (LDC); Low income (LIC); Lower middle income (LMC); Low & middle income (LMY); Late-demographic dividend (LTE); Middle East (developing only) (MDE); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (MEA); Middle income (MIC); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) (MNA); North America (NAC); North Africa (NAF); Non-resource rich Sub-Saharan Africa countries (NRS); IDA countries not classified as fragile situations, excluding Sub-Saharan Africa (NXS); OECD members (OED); Other small states (OSS); Pre-demographic dividend (PRE); Pacific island small states (PSS); Post-demographic dividend (PST); Resource rich Sub-Saharan Africa countries (RRS); South Asia (SAS); Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) (SSA); Sub-Saharan Africa (SSF); Small states (SST); Sub-Saharan Africa excluding South Africa (SXZ); East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) (TEA); Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) (TEC); Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) (TLA); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) (TMN); South Asia (IDA & IBRD) (TSA); Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) (TSS); Upper middle income (UMC); World (WLD); Sub-Saharan Africa excluding South Africa and Nigeria (XZN).
The UN population ranking has its own country/area coverage. An area without a World Bank profile remains visible in that ranking without a broken profile link. Missing annual values remain missing; projections are never inserted into WDI observations.
Latest-value check: 13 October 2026. We checked all 22 WDI indicators for the 217 countries and economies in this collection. Some latest non-null source values predate the 2000–2026 chart window; these remain unavailable in the charts. This checks the latest reported value in WDI, not whether it is the newest figure available from every statistical office.
Latest WDI reference years, by indicator
| Indicator | Latest years across countries | Countries with data | Latest-value check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population-weighted exposure to PM2.5 | 2023 | 200 / 217 | Matches source |
| At least basic drinking water services | 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2023, 2024 | 214 / 217 | Matches source |
| At least basic sanitation services | 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 | 214 / 217 | Matches source |
| Crude birth rate | 2024 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Crude death rate | 2024 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Government expenditure on education | 1989, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | 203 / 217 | Some latest values outside chart window |
| Access to electricity | 1999, 2024 | 216 / 217 | Some latest values outside chart window |
| Fertility rate | 2024 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Forest area | 2021, 2023, 2024 | 214 / 217 | Matches source |
| Infant mortality | 2024 | 196 / 217 | Matches source |
| Life expectancy at birth | 2024 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Population | 2025 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Population aged 65 and over | 2025 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Population growth | 2025 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Population aged 0–14 | 2025 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
| Primary school enrolment (gross) | 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | 209 / 217 | Some latest values outside chart window |
| Renewable energy consumption | 2021, 2022 | 212 / 217 | Matches source |
| Renewable electricity output | 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2020, 2021 | 209 / 217 | Matches source |
| Secondary school enrolment (gross) | 1986, 1992, 1993, 1997, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | 208 / 217 | Some latest values outside chart window |
| Tertiary education enrolment (gross) | 1986, 1987, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | 203 / 217 | Some latest values outside chart window |
| Under-five mortality | 2024 | 196 / 217 | Matches source |
| Urban population | 2025 | 217 / 217 | Matches source |
Eurostat: direct source integration
Monthly inflation and unemployment are shown separately on supported country profiles. Population, life expectancy and fertility datasets were also checked as alternatives; their values have not replaced WDI. A newer release can still contain an older reference year.
Consumer price inflation (HICP) · prc_hicp_minr
All-items harmonised consumer prices compared with the same month one year earlier. This is not the average inflation rate for the whole year.
Retrieved 12 October 2026. Source dataset update: 2 October 2026. Neither date is a substitute for the reference period.Unemployment rate · une_rt_m
Monthly, seasonally adjusted unemployment rate, both sexes, ages 15–74. The denominator is the labour force, not the whole population. Recent months can be estimated or revised.
Retrieved 12 October 2026. Source dataset update: 8 October 2026. Neither date is a substitute for the reference period.Population on 1 January · demo_pjan
Population on 1 January; not interchangeable with the annual WDI population series.
Retrieved 12 October 2026. Source dataset update: 25 September 2026. Neither date is a substitute for the reference period.Life expectancy at birth · demo_mlexpec
Both sexes, at birth. National submissions and revisions can differ from WDI.
Retrieved 12 October 2026. Source dataset update: 25 September 2026. Neither date is a substitute for the reference period.Total fertility rate · demo_find
Period total fertility rate; not a prediction of completed family size.
Retrieved 12 October 2026. Source dataset update: 30 September 2026. Neither date is a substitute for the reference period.IRENA: renewable electricity generation
A separate annual series covers 20 countries, with numeric observations through 2024. It extends beyond the WDI renewable-electricity series, which ends in 2021. The complete IRENA history is retained rather than joined onto WDI.
IRENA identifies 2024 generation data as preliminary. The 2026 release is not a 2026 observation; the latest numeric generation shares returned are for 2024. Checked 13 October 2026.
Explore the IRENA chart · Original table · Archived API query
UN: world population clock
World Population uses World Population Prospects 2024 medium projections for 2026–2027. Population is interpolated between January totals; births and deaths use uniform annual rates. These modelled estimates are separate from observed annual indicators.
Further source context
These sources provide context for integrated and prospective data; none is a live feed. We do not label a release as current-year data merely because it was published this year.
- UNESCO Institute for Statistics: education. The matching enrolment and expenditure series were reviewed; a 2026 release does not imply 2026 reference years. School-year definitions, gross ratios and age groups must match.
- WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme: drinking water and sanitation. The 2025 household report covers 2000–2024; basic and safely managed services are different indicators.
- IRENA energy balances: further energy indicators. The electricity-generation share is integrated above; installed capacity and final energy consumption are different measures.
- UN Population Division: ten demographic projections and national-definition urbanization from WUP 2025 are integrated in the 2026 review above, in addition to the separate population clock.
- World Health Organization: air quality. City monitoring measurements are not interchangeable with national population-weighted exposure.
- OECD: additional comparable indicators, subject to country coverage and definition checks.
National statistical offices
Country profiles link to national publications. National estimates may use different reference dates and methods, so they are not silently substituted into international charts.
Research records
Selected study records link to PubMed and the original publisher through DOI. No bulk literature importer is active.
Future integrations
Additional WHO, OECD and OpenAlex datasets require a separate review of the product’s documentation, licence, classification system and reuse requirements. They are not represented as active integrations.